THE QURAN ON CLOUDS
Scientists have studied cloud types and have realized that rain clouds are
formed and shaped according to definite systems and certain steps connected
with certain types of wind and clouds.
One kind of rain cloud is the cumulonimbus cloud (pictured above) associated
with thunderstorms. Meteorologists have studied how cumulonimbus clouds are
formed and how they produce rain, hail, and lightning.
They have found that cumulonimbus cloud go through the following steps to produce rain:
1) The clouds are pushed by the wind: Cumulonimbus clouds begin to form when wind pushes some small pieces of clouds (cumulus) clouds to an area where these clouds converge.
2) Joining: Then the small clouds join together forming a larger cloud.
3) Stacking: When the small clouds join together, updrafts within the larger cloud increase. The updrafts near the center of the cloud are stronger than those near the edges. These updrafts cause the cloud body to grow vertically, so the cloud is stacked up. This vertical growth causes the cloud body to stretch into cooler regions of the atmosphere where drops of water and hail formulate and begin to grow larger and larger. When these drops of water and hail become too heavy for the updrafts to support them, they begin to fall from the cloud as rain, hail, etc.
Allah said in the Qur'aan: (Notice the great detail) Have you not seen how Allah makes the clouds move gently, then joins them together, then makes them into a stack, and then you see the rain come out of it...? [Qur'aan 24:43]
Meteorologists have only recently come to know these details of cloud formation, structure, and function by using advanced equipment like planes, satellites, computers, balloons, and other equipment to study winds and its direction, to measure humidity and its variations, and to determine the levels and variations of atmospheric pressure.
The preceding verse, after mentioning clouds and rain, speaks
about hail and lightning:
And He sends down hail from mountains (clouds) in the sky, and He strikes
with it whomever He wills, and turns it from whoever He wills. The vivid flash
of its lightning nearly blind s the sight. [Qur'aan 24:43]
Meteorologists have found that these cumulonimbus clouds, that shower hail, reach a height of 25,000 to 30,000 feet (4.7 to 5.7 miles), like mountains, as the Qur'aan said, And He sends down hail from mountains (clouds) in the sky...
This verse may raise a question. Why does the verse say ...its
lightning in reference to the hail? Does this mean that hail is the major
factor in producing lightning? Let us see what the book entitled Meteorology
Today, says on this. It says that clouds become electrified as hail falls
through a region in the could of supercooled droplets and ice crystals. As
liquid droplets collide with hail, they freeze on contact and release latent
heat. This keeps the surface of the hail warmer than that of the surrounding
ice crystals. When the hail comes in contact with and ice crystal, and
important phenomenon occurs. Electrons flow from the colder oblect toward the
warmer object. Hence, the hail become negatively charged, The same effect
occurs when super cooled droplets come in contact with
a piece of hail and tiny splinters of positively charged ice break off. These
lighter, positively charged particles are then carried to the upper part of the
could by updrafts. The hail, left with a negative charge, fall toward the
bottom of the cloud, thus the lower part of the cloud becomes negatively
charged. These negative charges are then discharged to the ground as lightning.
We conclude from this that hail is the major factor in producing lightning.
This information on lightning was discovered recently. Until 1600 A.D.,
Aristotle's ideas on meteorology were dominant. or example, he said that the
atmosphere contains two kinds of exhalation, moist and dry. He also said that
thunder is the sound of the collision of the dry exhalation with the
neighboring clouds, and lightning is the inflaming and burning of the dry
exhalation with a thin and faint fire. These are some of the ideas on
meteorology that were dominant at the time of the Qur'aan's revelation,
fourteen centuries ago.